Psalm Seventy Eight
by Dr. Henry M. Morris
(taken from the Defender's Study Bible)
Maschil of Asaph.
Psalm 78:1 Give ear, O my people, to my law: incline your ears to the words of my mouth.
O my people. This Maschil psalm by Asaph, the seer, is a heart-cry to the people of God, seeking to bring them back to a true love of God and obedience to His laws. Presumably written under either David's or Solomon's reign, when God's blessings on Israel were more manifest than ever before or since, even then the people as a whole were in a low state spiritually. Psalm 78 is the second longest (to Psalm 119) of all the psalms, recounting God's miraculous deliverances in the past as an incentive to serve Him in the present and future.
Psalm 78:2 I will open my mouth in a parable: I will utter dark sayings of old:
in a parable. This verse was quoted by Jesus (Matthew 13:35), in explanation of why He was speaking in parables.
Psalm 78:3 Which we have heard and known, and our fathers have told us.
Psalm 78:10 They kept not the covenant of God, and refused to walk in his law;
Psalm 78:11 And forgat his works, and his wonders that he had showed them.
field of Zoan. Note also Psalm 78:43. Zoan is first mentioned in Numbers 13:22 as a city in Egypt, well known to the Israelites at the time, although its identification now is uncertain. It is believed to have been in Egypt's delta region, not far from the home of the children of Israel in Goshen. In this psalm, it is used essentially as a synonym for the whole land of Egypt.
Psalm 78:14 In the daytime also he led them with a cloud, and all the night with a light of fire.
Psalm 78:15 He clave the rocks in the wilderness, and gave them drink as out of the great depths.
Psalm 78:16 He brought streams also out of the rock, and caused waters to run down like rivers.
Psalm 78:17 And they sinned yet more against him by provoking the most High in the wilderness.
Psalm 78:18 And they tempted God in their heart by asking meat for their lust.
Psalm 78:19 Yea, they spake against God; they said, Can God furnish a table in the wilderness?
Psalm 78:22 Because they believed not in God, and trusted not in his salvation:
Psalm 78:23 Though he had commanded the clouds from above, and opened the doors of heaven,
Psalm 78:24 And had rained down manna upon them to eat, and had given them of the corn of heaven.
Psalm 78:25 Man did eat angels' food: he sent them meat to the full.
angels' food. Angels are spirits (Psalm 104:4), so would not need physical food. The reference here is metaphorical, emphasizing, the heavenly and miraculous origin of the manna. Nevertheless God's angels can on occasion assume physical bodies and ingest physical food (Genesis 18:2, 8; Hebrews 13:2).
Psalm 78:27 He rained flesh also upon them as dust, and feathered fowls like as the sand of the sea:
Psalm 78:28 And he let it fall in the midst of their camp, round about their habitations.
Psalm 78:29 So they did eat, and were well filled: for he gave them their own desire;
Psalm 78:30 They were not estranged from their lust. But while their meat was yet in their mouths,
Psalm 78:32 For all this they sinned still, and believed not for his wondrous works.
Psalm 78:33 Therefore their days did he consume in vanity, and their years in trouble.
Psalm 78:34 When he slew them, then they sought him: and they returned and inquired early after God.
Psalm 78:35 And they remembered that God was their rock, and the high God their redeemer.
Psalm 78:37 For their heart was not right with him, neither were they stedfast in his covenant.
Psalm 78:40 How oft did they provoke him in the wilderness, and grieve him in the desert!
Psalm 78:41 Yea, they turned back and tempted God, and limited the Holy One of Israel.
Holy One of Israel. This unique name of God, frequently used in the writings of the prophets, was first used in 2 Kings 19:22, then again in Psalm 71:22. This is the third occurrence. Several other names for God are found in this psalm, in addition to “God.” These include: Lord (Jehovah, Psalm 78:4, 21); most High (Psalm 78:17); their rock (Psalm 78:35); the high God their redeemer (Psalm 78:35); the most high God (Psalm 78:56); and the Lord (Adonai, Psalm 78:65).
Psalm 78:42 They remembered not his hand, nor the day when he delivered them from the enemy.
Psalm 78:43 How he had wrought his signs in Egypt, and his wonders in the field of Zoan:
Psalm 78:44 And had turned their rivers into blood; and their floods, that they could not drink.
Psalm 78:46 He gave also their increase unto the caterpillar, and their labour unto the locust.
Psalm 78:47 He destroyed their vines with hail, and their sycamore trees with frost.
Psalm 78:48 He gave up their cattle also to the hail, and their flocks to hot thunderbolts.
Ham. Mizraim, the son of Ham, is commonly identified as Egypt in the Bible. Here Ham also is assumed to be a founder of Egypt.
Psalm 78:56 Yet they tempted and provoked the most high God, and kept not his testimonies:
Psalm 78:59 When God heard this, he was wroth, and greatly abhorred Israel:
Psalm 78:60 So that he forsook the tabernacle of Shiloh, the tent which he placed among men;
tabernacle of Shiloh. This “forsaking” of the tabernacle is a reference to the capture of the ark by the Philistines in the days of Eli (1 Samuel 4:11). The tabernacle at Shiloh was apparently abandoned at this time, since Shiloh is never mentioned as the center of Israel's worship after this tragic event.
Psalm 78:61 And delivered his strength into captivity, and his glory into the enemy's hand.
Psalm 78:62 He gave his people over also unto the sword; and was wroth with his inheritance.
Psalm 78:63 The fire consumed their young men; and their maidens were not given to marriage.
Psalm 78:64 Their priests fell by the sword; and their widows made no lamentation.
Psalm 78:66 And he smote his enemies in the hinder parts: he put them to a perpetual reproach.
Psalm 78:67 Moreover he refused the tabernacle of Joseph, and chose not the tribe of Ephraim:
Psalm 78:68 But chose the tribe of Judah, the mount Zion which he loved.
established for ever. The earth, like all God's creation, will continue forever (Ecclesiastes 1:4). God is the Creatornot a “de-Creator!” (Ecclesiastes 3:14). In “the day of the Lord” (2 Peter 3:10), “the earth ... shall be burned up,” but its mass will possibly be converted into other forms of energy (heat, sound, etc.). It will not be completely annihilated. God will then renew the earth as a “new earth” (2 Peter 3:13) which will never pass away (Isaiah 66:22).
Psalm 78:70 He chose David also his servant, and took him from the sheepfolds: